Directions: The passage contains 10 errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it.
Most people work to earn a living and they produce goods and services. Goods are either agricultural (like maize) or manufactured (like cars).
Services are such things like education, 1.
medicine, and commerce. These people provide 2.
goods; some provide services. Other people provide both goods or services. 3.
For example, in the same
garage a man may buy a car or some service which helps him maintain his car.
The work people do is called as economic 4.
activity. All economic activities taken together make up the economic system of a town, a city, a country, or the world. Such economic system is the sumtotal 5.
of what people do and what they want. The work people do either provides what they need or provides the money with that they can buy essential 6.
commodities. Of course, most people hope to have enough money to buy commodities and services which are essential but which provide some particular 7.
personal satisfaction, such as toys for children, visits 8.
the cinema, and books.
The science of economics is basic upon the facts 9.
of our everyday lives. Economists study our everyday lives and the general life of our communities in order to understand the whole economic system of which we are a part. They try to describe the facts of the economy in which we live, and to explain how it works.
The economist methods should of course be 10.
strictly objective and scientific.
Ⅴ.Translation 10%
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.
What is learning and what is teaching and how do they interact?
Consider again some traditional definitions. A search in contemporary dictionaries reveals that learning is “acquiring or getting of knowledge of a subject or a skill by study, experience or instruction.” A more specialized definition might read as follows. “Learning is a relatively permanent change in a behavioral tendency and is the result of reinforced practice.” Similarly, teaching, which is implied in the first definition of learning, may be defined as “showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand.” How awkward these definitions are! Isnt it rather curious that professional lexicographers(辭典編撰人) cannot devise more precise scientific definitions? More than perhaps anything else, such definitions reflect the difficulty of defining complex concepts like learning and teaching.
Ⅵ.Writing 10%
Directions: Write a teaching plan with about 150~200 words for the teaching of the comparative and the superlative degrees of adjectives.
教育學、教育心理學部分
七、簡答題(2小題，每小題5分，共10分)
1.研究性學習的基本特點是什么?
2.什么是課的結(jié)構?綜合課的結(jié)構由哪幾部分組成?
八、論述題(10分)
學校教育產(chǎn)生的主要條件是什么?
【參考答案】
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure
1.C 【解析】adequate意為“充分的，足夠的”;sufficient意為“足夠的，充足的”;efficient意為“效率高的”;effective意為“有效的，生效的”。
2.B 【解析】call on意為“拜訪(某人)”;call for意為“需要”;call up意為“給(某人)打電話”;call at意為“到(某地)進行短暫訪問”。
3.B 【解析】adopt意為“收養(yǎng)”;adapt to意為“使適應于”;fit意為“適合”;suit意為“適合于(某人)，使?jié)M意”。
4.B 【解析】close up意為“堵塞，關閉”;close down意為“停產(chǎn)”;close off意為“堵塞(路口等)”;close out意為“減價拋售”。
5.C 【解析】clear up意為“打掃干凈”;clean up意為“打掃，清理，消滅”;clear off意為“還清”;clear away意為“驅(qū)除，消除”。
6.B 【解析】whom引導非限制性定語從句時，指代人的普通名詞、專有名詞等。
7.C 【解析】略。
8.C 【解析】know…of something意為“了解關于……某一方面的信息”。
9.A 【解析】take in意為“領會，理解”;take out意為“清除，除掉”;take over意為“接管，接替”;take up意為“拿起，占據(jù)”。
10.B 【解析】本句的意思是“美洲豹是一種大型貓科類動物，如果它們不受到打擾，它們是不會攻擊人類的�！泵乐薇潜淮驍_，故用被動語態(tài)。
11.B 【解析】than比較級前后形式相同，that替代the relative size。
12.D 【解析】從句意上看，我期望在幾天之內(nèi)收到答復，故排除BC，AD雖都有期望的意思，但hope后不能直接接名詞作賓語，若要接名詞需先接 for 即 hope for sth。
13.C 【解析】would rather do的否定形式應該為would rather not do。
14.B 【解析】sentimental意為“傷感的，多愁善感的”;sensitive意為“敏感的”;sensible意為“明智的，合情理的”;positive意為“確定的，積極的”。
15.D 【解析】be dressed意為“穿著”，audience是一個集體名詞，意為“所有聽眾”。
16.C 【解析】wish后的賓語從句如果與過去愿望不一致，那么主句中，主語+had+過去分詞。
17.B 【解析】略。
18.B 【解析】略。
19.B 【解析】would like sb to do sth 意為“想讓某人做某事”。
20.C 【解析】in any case意為“無論如何，不管怎樣”;because意為“因為”;in case意為“假使，以防”;for意為“因為”。
21.A 【解析】rusty意為“生銹的”;crude意為“天然的，未加工的”;rough意為“粗糙的”;tough意為“堅韌的，堅強的”。
22.B 【解析】excuse意為“原諒，寬恕”，用作動詞，通常是及物動詞，其后除接名詞或代詞作賓語外，還接動名詞作賓語;apologize意為“道歉”，apologize to…意為“向某人道歉”;pardon意為“寬恕，原諒”，為及物動詞;sorry意為“抱歉”。
23.D 【解析】hardly…when…意為“剛一……就……”，從句中用過去時，主句用過去完成時，hardly置于句首，引起倒裝。
24.B 【解析】Its time that+從句，從句中謂語動詞有兩種形式：(1)動詞用過去式;(2)用should+動詞原形，should不能省略。
25.C 【解析】suit意為“適合于(某人)”;mix意為“混合”;match意為“相配”;imitate意為“模仿”。
Ⅱ.Reading Comprehension
1-5 DBADC6-10 CDADB
Ⅲ.General Knowledge
1-5 BACDB
Ⅳ.Proofreading and Error Correction
1.like → as
2.These → Some
3.or → and
4.as去掉
5.Such → Such an
6.that → which
7.在essential前加not
8.visits → visits to
9.basic → based
10.economist → economists
Ⅴ.Translation
【參考答案】學習和教學分別是什么?它們之間又是如何相互作用的?
通過查閱同一時期的字典，讓我們再看一下一些傳統(tǒng)的定義。學習是“通過研究、自身經(jīng)驗或指導獲得有關某一科目或技能的知識”。以下是一個更為專業(yè)的定義。“學習是行為傾向中一個相對永久的變化，并且它是不斷鞏固練習的結(jié)果。”同樣的，隱含在學習的第一個定義中的教學可以被定義為“展示或幫助某人學會做某事，給予指導，在學習中起引導作用，提供知識，教會他人掌握知識”。這些定義是多么不清晰!難道不好奇專業(yè)辭典編撰人為什么不能提出更專業(yè)的定義?較有可能的解釋是，這樣的定義反映出了定義復雜概念的困難性，如學習和教學。
Ⅵ.Writing
【參考答案】略。
教育學、教育心理學部分
七、簡答題
1.【參考答案】研究性學習是指學生基于自身興趣，在教師的指導下，從自然、社會和學生自身生活中選擇和確定研究專題，主動地獲取知識、應用知識、解決問題的學習活動。研究性學習的核心活動是課題研究或項目探究活動。它的基本特點是：(1)以項目、課題、主題或問題為探究對象與學習載體，超越嚴密的學科知識體系和書本中心。(2)是一種以研究或探究為中心的實踐性學習活動，強調(diào)學生綜合實踐能力、情感、態(tài)度和價值觀的發(fā)展。(3)是重視學習過程而不是偏重結(jié)果的學習活動，強調(diào)學生經(jīng)歷和體驗研究或探究的過程。
2.【參考答案】課的結(jié)構是指課的組成部分，以及各部分進行的順序和時間的分配。
綜合課的結(jié)構：(1)組織教學;(2)復習檢查;(3)講授新教材;(4)鞏固新知識;(5)布置家庭作業(yè)。
八、論述題
【參考答案】學校教育產(chǎn)生的主要條件有：(1)生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展和剩余產(chǎn)品的出現(xiàn)使一部分人能夠從生產(chǎn)勞動中分離出來，從事專門的教育工作;(2)體力勞動和腦力勞動的分工，出現(xiàn)了專門從事科學文化活動的知識分子;(3)社會生產(chǎn)經(jīng)驗和社會生活經(jīng)驗的積累，需要專門的學校教育進行傳遞;(4)文字的產(chǎn)生，使人類文化有了書面記載，促進了學校的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展。