一、教師招聘對動詞的知識要求：
教師招聘對動詞的考查主要集中在：
1、掌握動詞的現(xiàn)在時第三人稱單數(shù)、過去式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞四種形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則；
2、掌握動詞六種時態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，主要用法及區(qū)別（一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、過去進行時、現(xiàn)在進行時和現(xiàn)在完成時）
3、掌握系動詞be, look, feel, smell, get, become, turn, keep等的基本用法；
4、了解過去將來時、過去 完成時態(tài)的基本用法；
5、掌握助動詞be, do, have, shall, will的基本用法；
6、掌握情態(tài)動詞can, must, need, may等基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)及主要用法；
7、了解一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時三種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式及其基本用法；
8、了解含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式及其基本用法；
9、掌握句子主謂一致的基本原則；
10、掌握動詞不定式作賓語、狀語的基本用法；
11、了解動詞不定式作主語、定語、表語的基本用法。
二、動詞考察點分項說明：
�。ㄒ唬�、掌握動詞的現(xiàn)在時第三人稱單數(shù)、過去式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞四種形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則；
1、動詞現(xiàn)在時的第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成：
動 詞 特 征 變 化 例 詞
一般動詞 詞尾加-s look- looks find- finds
以s, x, ch, sh或o結(jié)尾 詞尾加-es watch- watches, push- pushes
以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾 變y為i再加-es fly- flies, apply- applies
2、動詞的過去式及過去分詞的構(gòu)成：
�、� 規(guī)則動詞的變化：
規(guī)則動詞的過去式和過去分詞的構(gòu)成方法是相同的。
動 詞 特 征 變 化 例 詞
一般動詞 詞尾加-ed look- looked, looked
以e結(jié)尾 詞尾加-d live- lived, lived
以“輔音字母+Y”結(jié)尾 變y為i，再加-ed carry-carried, carried
以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母 雙寫該輔音字母，再加-ed stop- stopped, stopped
② 不規(guī)則動詞的變化。（略）
3、動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：
動 詞 特 征 變 化 例 詞
一般動詞 直接加-ing look-looking watch- watching
以e結(jié)尾 去e加-ing come- coming move- moving
以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母 先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-ing swim- swimming run- running
以ie結(jié)尾且為重讀開音節(jié) 變ie加y再加ing die-dying lie-lying
�。ǘ�、掌握動詞六種時態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，主要用法及區(qū)別（一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、一般將來時、過去進行時、現(xiàn)在進行時和現(xiàn)在完成時）
1、一般現(xiàn)在時
① 一般現(xiàn)在時常用來表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，與always, usually, often, sometimes, every day (week, month)等連用；表示現(xiàn)在的事實或狀態(tài)；表示主語所具有的特征，性格和能力；以及表示客觀事實或普遍其理。
�、谝话悻F(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成：
一般現(xiàn)在時通常以動詞原形表示，但當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞原形后需加-s或-es。
She likes biology very much. 她非常喜歡生物。
They often go to school by bike.他們通常騎車上學(xué)。
2、一般過去時
�、僖话氵^去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示過去時間的副詞如：yesterday, last week, two hours ago等連用；表示過去一段時間經(jīng)�；蚍磸�(fù)發(fā)生的動作，這時可與頻度副詞often, usually, always等連用；表示過去發(fā)生的一連串動作，以及在時間和條件狀語從句中，用一般過去時表示過去將來的動作。
�、谝话氵^去時的構(gòu)成：一般過去時由動詞的過去式構(gòu)成。
We met each other on the street yesterday. 我們昨天在街上碰見了。
She often went swimming last year. 她去年經(jīng)常去游泳。
They moved the chairs to the table, sat down and began to have supper.
他們把椅子搬到桌邊，坐下開始吃飯。
Mary told me that she would stay at home if it rained.瑪麗告訴我如果下雨她就呆在家里。
3、一般將來時
�、� 一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來的時間狀語如next month, tomorrow, in a week, soon等連用。
�、谝话銓頃r的構(gòu)成：
�。�1） 一般將來時由“助動詞will/shall+動詞原形”構(gòu)成。其中shall主要用于主語是第一人稱（I和we）的疑問句中。
（2） 也可以用“be going to+動詞原形”這個結(jié)構(gòu)來表示根據(jù)目前跡象很有可能發(fā)生的某件事情，或是打算、計劃、以及決定要做某件事情等。
They will have a class meeting next Tuesday. 他們下周二將舉行班會。
We shall meet at the school gate. 我們將在學(xué)校大門口見。
It is going to rain. 要下雨了。
4、現(xiàn)在進行時
① 現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，常與now, at present, at this, moment等連用；或與these days, this week/month等連用，表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。有時還與always, continually, forever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動作，代替一般現(xiàn)在時，表達說話人強烈的感情。如贊揚、不滿、討厭等。如：
He is always asking such silly questions.他老是提這類愚蠢的問題。
② 現(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成：
現(xiàn)在進行時由“be (am/is/are)+V-ing”構(gòu)成。
They are watching TV now. 他們正在看電視。
The dog is enjoying his meal. 小狗正在吃飯。
5、過去進行時
① 過去進行時的用法與現(xiàn)在進行時用法相同，只不過參照的時間基準(zhǔn)點不同。
過去進行表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作。一般和特定的時間狀語或狀語從句連用。如：then, at that time, at eight yesterday, this time yesterday, when he came in等。
�、� 過去進行時的構(gòu)成與現(xiàn)在進行時類似，只不過把be (am, is, are)變?yōu)檫^去式（was, were）
They were watching TV at that time. 他們那會正在看電視。
The dog was enjoying his meal at this time yesterday. 小狗昨天這個時候正在吃飯。
6、現(xiàn)在完成時
�、� 表示動作已經(jīng)完成，但后果或影響仍在，常與already, just, yet等副詞連用；或是表示過去發(fā)生的動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常與for或since引導(dǎo)的一段時間狀語連用。
�、� 現(xiàn)在完成時由助動詞“have/has+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。
He has already come back.他已經(jīng)回來了。
He has lived here for three years.他在此住了兩年了。
（三）、掌握系動詞be, look, feel, smell, get, become, turn, keep等的基本用法；
常見的連系動詞有：become, turn, get, grow, keep, feel, look, seem, smell, fall等。它們后面常接形容詞，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。
Please keep the classroom clean. 請保持教室的干凈。
The bread looks very fresh. 這些面包看上去很新鮮。
（四）、了解過去將來時、過去完成時態(tài)的基本用法；
�、� 過去將來時表示從過去某一時點看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。過去將來時和一般將來時的構(gòu)成相同，只是把will, shall變?yōu)檫^去式would, should，把助動詞be的過去式變?yōu)檫^去式was或were而已。如：
They were going to have a meeting.他們曾打算開會。
②過去完成時表示在過去某一時刻或動作之前已完成的行為或存在的狀態(tài)。與現(xiàn)在完成的用法相同，只不過作為衡量基準(zhǔn)點的時間點不同，現(xiàn)在完成時以現(xiàn)在作為衡量的基準(zhǔn)點，而過去完成時則以過去某個時刻作為基準(zhǔn)點。它表示在過去某一時刻或動作之前完成了的動作，即“過去的過去”，常by, before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用。如：
By the time he was ten, Edison had built a lab for himself.
到愛迪生10歲時，他已給自己建了一個實驗室。
She said she had worked in that hospital for 20 years.她說她已在那所醫(yī)院工作20年了
（五）、掌握助動詞be, do, have, shall, will的基本用法；
助動詞是“輔助性”動詞，一般沒有詞義，不能單獨作謂語，但可用來幫助構(gòu)成謂語，表示不同的時態(tài)，語態(tài)，和數(shù)的變化。
常見的助動詞有：
（1）be (am, is, are, was, were, being, been) 與現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)合，構(gòu)成各種進行時態(tài)；或與過去分詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。
I’m looking for my pen. 我正在找我的筆。（現(xiàn)在進行時）
These cups are made in China. 這些杯子是中國制造的。（被動語態(tài)）
�。�2）have (has, had, having)與過去分詞結(jié)合，構(gòu)成完成時。
They have known each other for twenty years.
他們互相認識有二十年了。（現(xiàn)在完成時）
He had built a chemistry lab for himself at the age of ten.
他十歲時就已經(jīng)為自己建了一個化學(xué)實驗室。（過去完成時）
�。�3）do (does, did) 助動詞do后只能跟動詞原形，與not及其他動詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成否定句，或置于主語之前構(gòu)成疑問句。
He does not speak English.他不說英語。
When did he come back? 他什么時候回來的？
�。�4）will (would), shall (should) will能用于一般將來時的任何人稱后；would是will的過去時，能用于過去將來時；兩者后面都接動詞原形。
The plane will arrive in ten minutes. 飛機十分中后將要到達。
I was sure we would win.我確信用我們會贏。
shall與should這兩個助動詞本身沒有詞義，shall只能用于一般將來時的第一人稱后；should是shall的過去時，只能用于過去將來時的第一人稱后；兩者后面都接動詞原形。
We shall meet at the school gate tomorrow. 我們明天將在校門口見。
I told them that I should do the work alone. 我告訴他們我將獨自做那項工作。
三、鞏固練習(xí)
1. His father any washing in the morning.
A. doesn’t do B. doesn’t C. doesn’t does D. doesn’t does
2. I 1000 English words by the end of last term.
A. have learned B. had learned C. would learn D. was learning
3. How long you the bicycle?
A. have…bought B. have…h(huán)ad
C. did…buy D. do…buy
4. my brother knows London very well. He there many times.
A. has been B. has gone C. was D. went
5. The children want to know if Miss Green free tomorrow.
A. is B. is going to C. will D. will be
6. Listen, the music nice.
A. sounds B. is sounding C. is sound D. was sounding
7. He early every morning from now on.
A. gets up B. does get up C. does gets up D. will get up
8. Our teacher told us that light faster than sound.
A. travelled B. travels C. was travelled D. had travelled
9. Mr. Brown is not at home. He to the library.
A. has gone B. has been C. had been D. had gone
10. He said he would go to the cinema with us if he free.
A. is B. were C. was D. will be
11. Tom _____ his homework after breakfast.
A. don’t B. doesn’t C. don’t do D. doesn’t do
12. Jenny _____a letter to her mother three days ago.
A. wrote B. writes C. write D. has written
13. He ______ with us yesterday morning.
A. doesn’t go swimming B. goes swimming
C. didn’t go swimming D. went to swimming
14. There ______a basketball match on our school the day after tomorrow.
A. will have B. will be C. is going to have D. would have
15. ______ you ______ us a talk this afternoon?
A. Are, giving B. Are, given C. Will, give D. Were, going to give
16. Look! Li Lei _____ Jim with his Chinese.
A. is helping B. has helped C. is going to help D. would help
17. Don’t make any noise. The baby ______ .
A. has slept B. is slept C. will sleep D. is sleeping
18. The students of Class 3 _____a football game now. Let’s go and watch.
A. are having B. will have C. is having D. will be had
19. How many English songs ____ you _____ by the end of last term?
A. have, learned B. did, learn C. had, learned D. were, learned
20. My mother _____ breakfast while I ______ my face this morning.
A. cooked, was cooking B. was cooking, was washing
C. was cooking D. would cook, was washing
二、用下列動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. He told me that he (visit) the Summer Palace the next day.
2. —Who has borrowed the dictionary? I want to use it.
—Miss Li. She (keep) it for a week.
3. The old men (die) last summer. He (die) for eight months.
4. Father (cook) when I got home.
5. Mr. Smith told us he (show) the guests around the factory.
6. In winter when your clothes (wash), it is not easy to get them dry.
7. — the twins (return) yet?
—Yes. They (have) a rest in the room now.
8. It (rain) but it (stop) now.
9. All the children (keep) quiet though their teacher was not there.
10. The boy (read) a story book now.
四、鞏固練習(xí)參考答案
（一）單項選擇
1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D
6. A 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C
11. D 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C
16. A 17.D 18. A 19. C 20. B
（二）、用下列動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. would visit
2. has kept
3. died, has been dead
4. was cooking
5. would show或者had shown
6. are washed
7. Have…returned; are having
8. rained…h(huán)as stopped
9. kept
10. is reading