詞的特征 變 化 例 詞
原 級 比較級 最高級
一般單音節(jié)詞 直接加-er, -est stronghigh strongerhigher strongesthighest
以e結(jié)尾的詞 加-r, -st widenice widernicer widestnicest
以單個輔音字母(非r)結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞 雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-er, -est fatthin fatterthinner fattestthinnest
以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞 變y為i，再加-er,-est heavyhappy heavierhappier heaviesthappiest
少數(shù)以-er, -ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞 直接加-er; -est clevernarrow cleverernarrower cleverestnarrowest
多數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞多音節(jié)詞和源于分詞的形容詞 在原級前加more, most stupiddifficulttired more stupidmore difficultmore tired most stupidmost difficultmost tired
2、常見的不規(guī)則變化：
原 級 比較級 最高級
good well better best
bad badly ill worse worst
many much more most
little less least
far fartherfurther farthestfurthest
old olderelder oldesteldest
3、常見的比較級和最高級的基本句型及其用法：
原級的用法：
①肯定句型：
as + 形容詞(副詞)原級 + as … 意思是 “與……一樣”
The boy is as clever as his brother. 這個男孩和他的哥哥一樣聰明。
Lucy writes as carefully as Lily. 露茜寫得和莉莉一樣認(rèn)真。
②否定句型：
not so/as + 形容詞(副詞)原級 +as… 意思是“不如……“
Monkeys are not as strong as elephants. 猴子不如大象強(qiáng)壯。
He is not so good a man as you. 他沒有你好。
比較級的用法：
1、比較級+than
Peter is wiser than Sam.彼得比山姆聰明。
The car is more beautiful than that one. 這來輛車比那一輛漂亮。
2、形容詞比較級前可用much, even, still, any, far, four times, a little等修飾。
Peter is much wiser than Sam.彼得比山姆聰明的多。
The room is a little brighter than that one. 這間房子比那間稍微亮一點。
3、比較級+and+比較級 意思是“越來越…...”
It rains harder and harder.雨下得越來越大。
4、The+比較級，the+比較級 意思是“越…...就越…...”
The harder you study, the faster you make progress. 你學(xué)習(xí)越努力，進(jìn)步就越快。
5、比較級+than any other+單數(shù)名詞. 意思是“比其它的任何一個……都更……”(這種情況其實是用比較級的形式表達(dá)最高級的意思。)
He is more stupid than any other student in his class. 在他班里他比其它任何學(xué)生都更愚蠢。
She is taller than any other girl in the team. 她比隊里的其余任何一個女孩都要高。
最高級的用法：
1、有范圍修飾的用最高級，如:in, of, among或用從句修飾的句子中。
This is the most expensive of all the watches.在所有這些表中這塊最貴。
2、序數(shù)詞+最高級+名詞 表示“第幾個最……的”
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黃河是中國的第二大河流。
The park is the third largest one in Beijing. 這個公園是北京第三大公園。
3、one of the+最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 表示“是最……之一”
America is one of the richest countries in the world.美國是世界上最富有的國家之一。
One of the most beautiful places in Beijing is the Summer Palace.
北京最美麗的地方之一是頤和園。
4、形容詞最高級前一定要用the，而副詞最高級前可省略。
The elephant is the heaviest in the zoo.大象是這個動物園里最重的動物。
She came (the) earliest of all the students.所有學(xué)生中她來得最早。
(二)、常用副詞在句中的位置：
1、時間副詞、地點副詞和方式副詞一般置于句末。
They met in China last year. 他們?nèi)ツ暝谥袊娒媪恕?/P>
It’s raining hard outside. 外面雨下得很大。
The students are reading English loudly. 學(xué)生們在大聲朗讀英語。
2、強(qiáng)調(diào)時間時，時間副詞可置于句首。
Last year they met in China.
3、時間副詞和地點副詞前一定不要加介詞。
She is on her way home. 她正在回家的路上。
4、頻度副詞在句中的位置有兩種：
(1)實義動詞之前：
I usually play football on Friday afternoon.我通常周五下午踢足球。
I seldom watch TV.我很少看電視。
(2)be動詞、情態(tài)動詞和第一助動詞之后
Mr. Green is always busy.格林先生一直很忙。
I have never seen him before.以前我從未見過他。
鞏固練習(xí)
一、單項選擇
1. of the apples in the fruit bowl are soft and sweet.
A. Two-third B. Second-third
C. Two-thirds D. Second-thirds
2. Where are they going to have the meeting? In .
A. 204 Room B. Room 204
C. the room 204 D. the Room 204
3. What is the time? It’s (4:25).
A. four twenty-five B. four past twenty-five
C. twenty-five to four D. four twenty five
4. Please give us .
A. two glasses of waters B. two glass of water
C. two glasses water D. two glasses of water
5. Light is faster than an ordinary plane.
A. two million time B. millions of time
C. three millions times D. millions of times